Intelligent Design: ¿Can Science Answer the Question:¿Does God Exist? 

Is there inherent evidence of the existence of God in the universe, the solar system, the earth, and the human body? Are there brands of intelligent design around us? 

Let's look at the incredible complexity and precision that exists and see if this demonstrates the work of chance or clever design.

What is smart design?

Intelligent Design (DI) is "the theory that life or the universe cannot arise randomly and was designed and created by some intelligent entity" (intelligentdesign.org).

The idea behind smart design is simple. Let's look at all the available evidence and see if that evidence leads us to the conclusion that blind chance was the organizing principle of life and the universe or whether the precision, complexity, and intricate balance we see is real evidence of a planned design. and genuine. DI says it is highly unlikely that the origin of everything is chance.

The evolutionary perspective of "apparent design"

Evolutionists have a different perspective. Richard Dawkins , professor of zoology at the University of Oxford, explains his point of view regarding human origins: "Natural selection, the automatic, blind, unconscious process that Darwin discovered, and which we now know is the explanation of existence and an apparently purposeful form of all life, had no purpose in mind. He had no mind and he had no eyes in mind. He does not plan for the future. It has no vision, no anticipation, no sight. If we could say that he played the role of a watchmaker in nature, it is that of a blind watchmaker ”(The Blind Watchmaker: Why Evidence of Evolution Reveals a Unplanned Universe, p. 5).

In other words, while it is admitted that there seemed to be evidence of a design ("An apparently purposeful shape"), Professor Dawkins dismisses the idea. "The blind watchmaker" is, in his opinion, the process of natural selection. It is an attempt to explain how a high-precision watch can be fully functioning without a watchmaker.

Now, if it were reasonable to believe that this watch simply came naturally, then many thieves accused of stealing a Rolex would be released. We would have the perfect excuse: “I don't know how I got that watch! I was there, fumbling in the fabric of my pocket and naturally grew there. "

Which judge or jury would find this logical? Or that at least I asked them "a reasonable doubt"?

The universe, the galaxies, the solar system, and the earth all demonstrate the evidence for intelligent design. Is all this just an illusion? The probability that each one came into existence by chance is so infinitesimally small that it would be considered impossible.

Let's take a look at some of the incredibly unique parameters that demonstrate design in our universe, the solar and galactic systems, and Earth.

The incredible precision of the physics of the universe

Research on the fundamental forces in the universe shows that those forces must be in precise balance, an incredible degree of precision, or everything else in the universe would literally disintegrate.

The strong force (also called the strong nuclear force), which binds particles in the atomic nucleus, has to be balanced with the weak nuclear force to a ratio of one in 1060. Otherwise, most of the essential elements would be unstable and life could not be sustained.

The force of gravity has to be balanced with electromagnetic forces up to a ratio of one in 1040. Otherwise, stars capable of harboring life could not exist.

The number of electrons has to match the number of protons up to a ratio of one in 1037. Otherwise, electromagnetic interactions would dominate gravity, causing the universe to be made up of scattered particles that would not allow the formation of stars and planets.

These are just a few cosmological constants that are so precisely synchronized. Cosmology is producing more and more evidence that our universe is based on numerous parameters that must be precisely and exquisitely meshed for life to exist. If only one were altered, it wouldn't matter if the other forces were perfectly balanced or not.

The degree of precision represented by those numbers is difficult to grasp, but astrophysicist Hugh Ross, in his book The Creator and The Cosmos, gives us a useful illustration of what the smallest of these represents. numbers:

“A part in 1037 is a balance so incredibly sensitive that it is difficult to visualize. The following analogy may help: Cover the entire continent of North America with 10-cent coins until you reach the moon, at a height of 239,000 miles. (In comparison, the money to pay the debt of the United States federal government with pennies would cover a square mile less than two feet deep.) Then stack the 10 cents needed to get from here to the moon, on a million million other continents of the same size in North America. Paint a dime red and mix it into the million million stacks of coins. Cover a friend's eyes and ask him to take a dime. The odds of him pulling out the red dime are one in 1037 ”(p. 150).

The location of our solar system in the Milky Way galaxy

Being outside the spiral arms of the Milky Way galaxy places our solar system in the safest place in the galaxy. This position undergoes few stellar interactions that can cause the alteration of the planetary orbits.

"The stability of our position is possible because the sun is one of the rare stars that lies within 'the radius of galactic co- rotation.' Typically, the stars in our galaxy orbit the center of the galaxy at a rate that differs from the rate of the posterior spiral arms . Thus, most stars located between the spiral arms do not stay there long, because they are eventually sucked into the spiral arm. Only at a certain precise distance from the center of the galaxy, the ' co- rotation radius ', can a star remain in place between the two spiral arms, orbiting at precisely the same rate as the galaxy's arms rotate around the center. ” ( Rich Deem , “ The Incredible Design of The Earth and Our Solar System ”, with reference to Mishurov , YN, and LA Zenina , “Yes, the sun is located near the circle of co- rotation ”, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 341: 81-85).

Smart design on earth and our solar system

Earth may be the only planet in the universe that has the conditions required to support human life. In fact, there are some who question this, saying that the possibility that another planet similar to Earth exists will reach the level of probability given the unlimited extent of the universe. But this planet has not been discovered. Even if such a planet could be discovered, the possibility that life would evolve independently on that planet takes us to a completely different level of ( im ) - probability.

Let's see some of the factors necessary for life to exist on our planet:

The size of the earth and the gravity that it generates are finely tuned. If the earth were only slightly larger, hydrogen would not be able to escape its gravity, making it completely hostile to life. If the earth were only a little smaller, the oxygen would escape and the water would evaporate. Small changes in any direction would make human life impossible.

Our moon is a large moon when compared to the size of the earth. This makes the earth have a great gravitational force. This benefits life in it, as it cleans the shores of the oceans and refills them with nutrients.

Planets in the solar system have elliptical, not circular, orbits. The eccentricity of our planet's orbit is moderate; the point at which it is farthest or closest to the sun differs from the average distance between the sun and the earth by slightly less than 2%. This is necessary for a narrow and relatively stable temperature range on the planet. The station patterns of the earth are mainly due to the 23.5 degree inclination that it has, and not to the eccentricity of its orbit.

Jupiter rotates every 10 hours; Venus, every 243 days. If the earth rotated every 10 hours like Jupiter, the wind speeds would be extreme. The winds on Jupiter have speeds of thousands of miles per hour. If it took 243 days for the earth to rotate like Venus, life could not exist because the days and nights would be too long, creating extreme temperatures of hot and cold.

The ozone layer around the earth is protective. Although the ozone concentration is small, 2 to 8 parts per million, it is vitally important to life because it absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun, which is biologically harmful.

Oxygen represents 21% of the earth's atmosphere. This precise figure makes life on earth possible. If oxygen were 25%, fires would arise spontaneously; if it were 15%, human beings would suffocate. Nitrogen represents 78% of the atmosphere, diluting oxygen and plays a fundamental role as a fertilizer for plants. Argon is 0.93%, and carbon dioxide 0.04% from the atmosphere. Without this, the life of plants would be impossible; and if plants did not take carbon dioxide and expel oxygen, humans could not exist.

Life on earth depends on liquid water and therefore cannot be too close or too far from the sun. Astronomers estimate that if the earth were 2% closer or farther from the sun, the planet's water would either evaporate or freeze completely. Water is one of those few substances that expands when it freezes. It expands 10% when it freezes, causing ice to float on top of liquid water instead of sinking. Rivers and lakes freeze from top to bottom during winter. If ice did not float, rivers and lakes would freeze from the bottom and all bodies of water would become solid ice, and life as we know it would not exist.

Earth has the highest density of all the planets in our solar system, with a large nickel and iron core that is responsible for our large magnetic field. This magnetic field holds in place what is known as the Van Allen radiation belt, which protects the earth from radiation bombardment. Life would not be possible on earth without the shield provided by the Van Allen belt.

Other factors contribute to the earth's unique ability to support life. For example, in July 1994, the world observed Comet Zapatero-Levy 9 collide with Jupiter. This was a demonstration of the protection that Jupiter offers the earth. Jupiter's mass and its location in the solar system is a factor that allows the collection or rejection of a large number of comets that enter the orbit around the sun. Without Jupiter in its current location, life on Earth would be difficult or impossible due to the large number of comets that would be colliding with it. It is estimated that there would be 1,000 to 10,000 times more collisions with comets and comet debris, without Jupiter's protective location.

The Scriptures tell us: "The heavens tell the glory of God, and the firmament announces the work of his hands" (Psalm 19: 1). In the same way that a high-precision watch displays the talent, care, planning, and delicate craftsmanship of its maker, the incredible precision, balance, and wisdom evident in the design of the universe declares the greatness of its maker.

The Creator God confronted Job, the wise man, and challenged him: “Now gird up your loins as a man; I will ask you, and you will answer me. Where were you when I founded the earth? Who ordered their measurements, if you know? ... Have you considered to the widths of the earth? ” (Job 38: 3-5; 18).

Who established the laws of the universe? The laws of physics that must be so precisely adjusted, or else does everything disintegrate? Who designed the earth, placed it in a protected orbit in our solar system, and not only that, but put it in the middle of the protective embrace of spiral arms in our galaxy?

The more we learn about science, the more we realize how complex and amazing the incredible life and the universe are, and how unlikely it is that life and the universe came to exist apart from a huge, intelligent Designer.

"For his invisible things, his eternal power and deity, become clearly visible from the creation of the world, being understood through things done, so that they have no excuse" (Romans